Josephson effect / Josephson junction



"The Josephson effect in particular results from two superconductors acting to preserve their long-range order across an insulating barrier. With a thin enough barrier, the phase of the electron wavefunction in one superconductor maintains a fixed relationship with the phase of the wavefunction in another superconductor. This linking up of phase is called phase coherence. It occurs throughout a single superconductor, and it occurs between the superconductors in a Josephson junction. Phase coherence - or long-range order - is the essence of the Josephson effect. "
Simon and Smith, Superconductors


A Josephson junction is an superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) layer structure placed between two electrodes.

One of the characteristics of a Josephson junction is that as the temperature is lowered, superconducting current flows through it even in the absence of voltage between the electrodes, part of the Josephson effect.